Clinical Nutrition Research

"Eun-Hee Jang"

Review Article

Effects of meal sequence intervention on blood glucose response in healthy adults: a systematic review: Jinmin Kim, Eun-Hee Jang, Seungmin Lee; Clin Nutr Res 2026;15(1):55-63. Published online January 31, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2025.0027

Objective

Achieving glycemic control is essential in the prevention and management of metabolic disorders, with several dietary strategies having been proposed. Meal sequence, which is defined as the order of food consumption while maintaining the overall composition and intake, may attenuate postprandial glycemic responses. This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of meal sequences on postprandial glycemic responses in healthy adults and explore its potential as a preventive strategy for glycemic control.
Methods
Literature published between January 2015 and March 2025 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, KoreaMed, and RISS was searched using the keywords “healthy adult,” “food order,” “meal sequence,” and “glucose response.”
Results
Among the 2,442 records identified, one randomized controlled trial, four randomized crossover studies, and one repeated-measures design with a total of 107 participants aged 20–36.7 years met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies reported that consuming vegetables, fruits, or protein-rich foods before carbohydrate-rich foods reduced postprandial glucose responses and incremental area under the curve compared with mixed or carbohydrate-first meals. These effects were also noted in randomized controlled trials and randomized crossover design.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that adjusting the order of food consumption can effectively mitigate acute postprandial glucose responses in healthy individuals. Further large-scale and long-term randomized controlled trials across diverse populations and standardized protocols are warranted to strengthen the evidence base.

711 View
16 Download

Review Article

Effects of the MIND Diet on the Cognitive Function of Older Adults: A Systematic Review: Seeun Kim, Eun-Hee Jang, Seungmin Lee; Clin Nutr Res 2025;14(4):318-328. Published online October 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.318

Abstract
PDF

The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a brain-focused dietary pattern designed to prevent cognitive decline in older adults. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aimed to examine the association between the MIND diet and cognitive function in older adults. Relevant studies published between 2015 and 2024 were identified through comprehensive searches of PubMed and the Cochrane Library using keywords including “MIND diet,” “cognitive performance,” and “older adults.” From a total of 138 records screened, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria after excluding reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, and those incorporating other lifestyle interventions such as physical activity or education. These studies included 7 prospective cohort studies, 2 cross-sectional studies, 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT), and 1 case-control study, comprising a total of 17,201 participants aged 57–91 years. Across studies, at least 57% of participants were women, and in the 5 studies reporting race, more than 75% were White. Dietary intake and MIND adherence were assessed primarily via food frequency questionnaires, while cognitive outcomes were evaluated using validated instruments including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, global cognition scores, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease tests, and magnetic resonance imaging. Six cohort and two cross-sectional studies reported significant associations between higher MIND adherence and better cognitive outcomes. One cohort study and the single RCT showed no effect. Excluding 2 studies with short durations (≤ 3 years), the remaining nine studies suggest consistent cognitive benefits of MIND adherence. Future studies should include systematic reviews and large-scale RCTs focusing on Asian populations.