Probiotics affect biomarkers indicative of bone formation, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium status, bone mineralization, bone turnover markers and metabolism. This study aims to investigate the effects of synbiotic on gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, bone complications and anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study, HD patients received 2 symbiotic (n = 19) or placebo (n = 17) capsules daily for 12 weeks. GI function, serum levels of bone-specific biomarkers, and serum levels of anemia-specific biomarkers were assessed at the beginning and the end of study. GI function was assessed with gastrointestinal symptom rating scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS. At the end of this study, parathyroid hormone levels decreased significantly in the synbiotic group (p = 0.039); however, in comparison to placebo group, the difference was not significant. Decrease of ALP levels in the synbiotic group were not statistically significant. However, a significant difference was seen between the 2 groups at the end of intervention (p = 0.037). Improvement in GI symptoms was observed in both groups, but the reduction rate was higher in the synbiotic group. Additionally, at the end of the study, a significant difference between the 2 groups was observed (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of other factors within each group and between the 2 groups (p > 0.05). Symbiotic supplements after 12 weeks led to an improvement in GI function and ALP levels in HD patients. Further investigation into bone-mineral disorders in HD patients is necessary.
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier:
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This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with anthropometric indices, lipid profile and vascular inflammatory factors, in patients who candidate for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in patients who were candidate for CABG. Demographic information, medical records, anthropometric indicators, blood samples, and physical activity of 150 patients were collected. 146 participants with mean ± standard deviation of age: 61.8 ± 10.0 years and body mass index: 26.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2 completed the study. Based on serum levels of vitamin D, patients were divided into 2 groups; groups with sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) and insufficient amount of vitamin D (< 30 ng/mL). The 30.14% of the patients had serum vitamin D deficiency. Ejection fraction (EF) % between the 2 groups had significant difference. Unexpectedly the EF% increased 7% in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.11; p = 0.001). Vitamin D status had a significant inverse association with body weight. The odds of vitamin D deficiency significantly increased by 4% with increasing one kg in weight (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1–1.08; p = 0.044). There were no significant association between serum vitamin D level and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-17, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile (p > 0.05). Considering the inverse association observed between serum vitamin D with EF% and body weight, vitamin D may play a role in modulating of these indices.
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Vitamin D participates in the biological function of the innate and adaptive immune system and inflammation. We aim to specify the effectiveness of the vitamin D supplementation on the side effects BioNTech, Pfizer vaccination, and immunoglobulin G response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in subjects tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
In this multi-center randomized clinical trial, 498 people tested positive for COVID-19 were divided into 2 groups, receiving vitamin D capsules or a placebo (1 capsule daily, each containing 600 IU of vitamin D) over 14–16 weeks. Anthropometric indices and biochemical parameters were measured before and after the second dose of vaccination.
Fourteen to 16 weeks after supplementation, the intervention group had an immunoglobulin G (IgG) increase of 10.89 ± 1.2 g/L, while the control group had 8.89 ± 1.3 g/L, and the difference was significant between both groups (p = 0.001). After the second dose of vaccination, the supplement group significantly increased their 25-hydroxy vitamin D from initially 28.73 ± 15.6 ng/mL and increased to 46.48 ± 27.2 ng/mL, and the difference between them was significant. Those with a higher body mass index (BMI) had the most of symptoms, and the difference of side effects according to BMI level was significantly different. In 8 weeks after supplementation obese participants had the lowest IgG levels than overweight or normal subjects. The proportion of all types of side effects on the second dose was significantly diminished compared with the first dose in the intervention group.
Supplementation of 600 IU of vitamin D3 can reduce post-vaccination side effects and increase IgG levels in participants who received BioNTech, Pfizer vaccine.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary acidity load and clinical symptoms in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This case-control study examined 55 patients with RA and 215 healthy individuals in a Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCDs) cohort study, Iran. Participants’ food intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The dietary acidity was calculated using potential renal acid load (PRAL), net endogenous acid production (NEAP), and dietary acid load (DAL) scores. The patients with RA were identified based on the self-reporting, medications history, and the approval of the cohort center physician following patients’ examination. The odds ratio (OR) of joint stiffness in fully adjusted model was greater in the upper median of dietary acidity than in the lower median (PRAL: odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59–2.36), but there was no statistically significant difference. The OR of joint pain in the upper median of dietary acidity was less than in the lower median in fully adjusted model (PRAL: OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.46–1.29), but the difference was not statistically significant. After adjusting potential confounders, people in the upper median of dietary acidity had a higher OR of developing RA than those in the lower median (PRAL: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.70–2.76); however, it was not statistically significant. There was not any statistically significant relationship among dietary acidity and the odds of joint pain, joint stiffness, and developing RA.
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Antioxidant compounds can attenuate inflammation and delay degenerative processes especially in the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and serum biomarkers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. In this cross-sectional study, 146 patients who had referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah were recruited and demographic, anthropometric, physical activity and dietary data were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum levels of lipid profile, inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-17, intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules [ICAM, VCAM]), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also measured. A regression model adjusted for confounding variables presented that the coefficients of ICAM and VCAM (ng/dL) in the third tertile of DTAC were lower than those in the first tertile (β = −417.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −509.9 to −324.5, p < 0.001; β = −293.2, 95% CI = −334.3, −252.1, p < 0.001, respectively). The β of serum TAC (ng/dL) in the third tertile was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.77, 0.95, p < 0.001) higher than that in the first tertile. DTAC had no statistically significant relationship with lipid profile, FBG, and IL-17 levels, and anthropometric indices. In this study DTAC was associated with increased serum TAC and decreased cell adhesion molecules. Therefore, diet antioxidants may be beneficial in attenuating of inflammation in coronary artery diseases.
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We aimed to examine associations between muscle strength and obesity and serum lipid profile in Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. This study was conducted on 6,455 subjects aged 35–65 years old from baseline data of RaNCD in Iran. The associations between grip strength and adiposity measurements were explored using linear regression with adjustment for age, height, smoking status, alcohol intake, social class, and prevalent disease. The mean of body mass index (BMI) and muscle strength was 27.2 ± 4.6 kg/m2 and 33.3 ± 11.5, respectively. Muscular strength increased with increasing BMI and waist circumference (WC) in both sexes. Multivariate regression analysis revealed a 3.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.29, 4.19) kg difference between BMI in top and bottom in men, and 1.71 (95% CI, 0.98, 2.34) kg/m2 in women. After multivariable adjustment, a difference of 2.04 (95% CI, 1.12, 2.97) kg was observed between the top and bottom WC quartiles in men and 1.25 (95% CI, 0.51, 1.98) kg in women. In men, with increase of low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol, the mean muscle strength was significantly increased. Muscle strength may be associated with body composition and lipid profiles. Muscle strength can be an appropriate indicator for predicting some of the problems caused by body composition disorders, which requires further longitudinal studies.
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